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Sommerheim Park Archaeological District in Millcreek Township west of the city, includes artifacts from the Archaic period in the Americas and the early and middle Woodland Period, roughly a span from 8,000 BCE to 500 CE. Indigenous peoples occupied the shoreline and bluffs in this area for thousands of years, taking advantage of the rich resources. Main article: History of Erie, Pennsylvania The Battle of Lake Erie in the War of 1812, a key historical event in Erie's history The local climate is humid, four-seasonal, and snowy, with warm summers and harsh winters, owing to its southern lakeshore location. Like the other Great Lakes port cities, Erie is accessible to the oceans via the Lake Ontario and St. Įrie's manufacturing sector remains prominent in the local economy, while insurance, healthcare, higher education, technology, service industries, and tourism are emerging as significant economic drivers. Erie is nicknamed both the "Gem City", in reference to it once being known as the "Gem of the Great Lakes" due to its fine natural harbor and more recently, the "Flagship City", from a local marketing effort to promote its status as the home port of Oliver Hazard Perry's flagship Niagara. The city was named for the Native American Erie people who lived in the area until the mid-17th century. Erie is located approximately 80 miles (130 km) from Buffalo, 90 miles (140 km) from Cleveland, and 120 miles (190 km) from Pittsburgh. The Erie metropolitan area, equivalent to all ofĮrie County, had a population of 270,876 in 2020. It is the fifth-most populous city in Pennsylvania and the largest in Northwestern Pennsylvania with a population of 94,831 at the 2020 census.
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